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Rabu, 25 Agustus 2010

All About Farming And Food Production

By : Alisha Damani

Green care farming is a fast growing business and the demand after such services has increased over the past five years. Approximately 1 500 farms offer Care services and the number is anticipated to increase further. Green iguanas, not surprisingly, are green in colour, but can be found in many different shades ranging from bright green, to a dull, greyish-green. Their skin is rough, with a set of pointy scales along the iguana's back.

Feed containing small wild-caught fish also contains the pollutants in those fish, and they accumulate up the food chain. Because farmed fish eat only their pellets instead of the wider variety of food that wild fish encounter, they could be getting a larger dose. Feeding organic waste to worms gives people an effective and easy way to turn food scraps into a rich fertiliser.

Adding worm casts or worm tea (liquid produced in the composting process) to the soil promotes soil fertility, moisture retention, and encourages plant growth. Feed and miscellaneous supplies alone will require $1,500 or more annually an investment all told of $5,000 or more, exclusive of land and dwelling.

Nitrogen and phosphate uptake is poor in iodine-deficient soils. When the soil is acidic or turns alkaline through heavy applications of line, deficiencies of zinc, manganese, boron, iodine and other elements develop because these become less soluble in water. Nitrogen is a crucial plant nutrient but can cause large problems in excessive doses. In the 1970s and 80s the water quality in rivers and lakes started deteriorating.

Fish farming is essential in increasing protein intake to these communities.

Fish escapement and the transfer of disease from farms to the marine environment are other serious concerns. In British Columbia on Canada's West Coast, more than one million fish are estimated to have escaped from net cages since the early 1980s.

Fish feed on plankton and other hydrobios. Pond fertilization lies in cultivation of various food organisms and their propagation in large quantities in fish ponds to provide fish with abundant natural feeds, by which they can grow faster.

Fish meal and fish oil, used by the salmon farming industry as pellets to feed their farmed stock, is both depleted and contaminated. Salmon farmers are caught between a rock and a hard place -- between the devil and the deep blue sea.

Production-oriented agriculturalists argue that environmental protection--especially protection of forests and topsoil--can be advanced through modern, input-intensive farming. Environmental advocates, by contrast, associate high-input farming with chemical pollution, a faster exhaustion of water supplies, and a dangerous loss of biodiversity.

Production is now concentrated in California and the Carolinas, but after 12 years of research to develop culturing techniques, Kohler and zoologist Robert Sheehan believe the fish is ideal for cultivation in southern Illinois.

Production and cultivation are central in this innovative concept. While some canopy items might simply be collected and harvested, the cultivation of selected species offers the best opportunities for utilisation on a sustainable basis.

Growers often till the land as many as 3-6 times during a growing season to "eradicate" weeds and prevent reseeding before they start farming organically -- a "deal with it now and not worry about it in future" approach. This practice results in high levels of soil erosion and subsequent loss of organic matter from the fragile Florida soils. Growing food accounts for only one fifth of this. The other four fifths is used to move, process, package, sell, and store food after it leaves the farm.

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